What is a Piston Compressor and How is it Used

By Rich Carter


The piston compressor is also known as a reciprocating compressor, and it is a very expensive piece of equipment used in critical systems of the manufacturing industry. This is why it receives special consideration. Throughout the manufacturing industry, there are many types of facilities that depend on this equipment such as petrochemical plants and gas transmission pipelines.

There are many factors that affect the lifespan, cost, and reliability of piston compressors once they are installed in industrial facilities. Some of those factors include how well they are maintained, how they are operated, their initial design specifications and quality along with many others.

It isn't unusual that there are various different piston compressor styles which are used in industrial situations. Types of gasses compressed are those used in instruments and tools and for air systems. They are oxygen, hydrogen and various gases that are used for chemical processing as well as those gases required for storage and transmission purposes. These are just a few and there are many others.

There are two basic classifications for compressors and they include the positive displacement or intermittent flow which is the reciprocating or rotary style, and the continuous flow that encompasses centrifugal and axial flow.

It is where high compression ratios are needed with relatively dry fluids being compressed that piston compressors are generally used. When compressing wet gases, it is the centrifugal compressors that are most often used. Then it is when high flow with low compression ratios are required, the most desirable for this purpose is axial flow compressors.

Understanding the kind of gas and the purposes for its use is key to selecting the appropriate industrial reciprocating compressor. It is also important to understand other elements of their operation in order to take full advantage of the benefits offered by using them.

Since it is inevitable that problems will occur when using equipment, it is vital that the users know how to determine the cause, what their unique power requirements are and a lot of other issues to get all that is possible from piston compressors.




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